1997 Vol.(3)
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1997, (3): -.
Abstract:
A qualification test for the reliability of a newly- developed Diver Gas Recovery System (DGRS) was carried out in the Naval Medical Research Institute of the People's Liberation Army, China from March 29 to April 2, 1995. A sequential test plan of high discrimination ratio for the mean time between failures (MTBF) was adopted. The test procedures simulated those of a 300 msw dive. A hyperbaric breathing machine was used for the simulation of diver's respiratory functions. Parameters, such as diving depth, respiratory minute volume (RMV), CO2 production, gas flow rate, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, and ambient temperature and himidity were all displayed and recorded with a microcomputer system. The results indicated that no failure occurred during the 91.5 h operation. According to the acceptance and rejection criteria specified in the statistical test plan, a no-failure score in the 88 h operation is acceptable. Therefore, the DGRS has been demonstrated to meet the requirements of MTBF specified in the contract.
A qualification test for the reliability of a newly- developed Diver Gas Recovery System (DGRS) was carried out in the Naval Medical Research Institute of the People's Liberation Army, China from March 29 to April 2, 1995. A sequential test plan of high discrimination ratio for the mean time between failures (MTBF) was adopted. The test procedures simulated those of a 300 msw dive. A hyperbaric breathing machine was used for the simulation of diver's respiratory functions. Parameters, such as diving depth, respiratory minute volume (RMV), CO2 production, gas flow rate, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, and ambient temperature and himidity were all displayed and recorded with a microcomputer system. The results indicated that no failure occurred during the 91.5 h operation. According to the acceptance and rejection criteria specified in the statistical test plan, a no-failure score in the 88 h operation is acceptable. Therefore, the DGRS has been demonstrated to meet the requirements of MTBF specified in the contract.
1997, (3): -.
Abstract:
An information system for ocean wave resources and its application to wave power utilization are indtroduced. It can manage, analyze and process the data in the monthly report of ocean wave observation records of the State Ocean Administration, and can provide various kinds of curves and numerical characters of statistics. This system has been put into utility in Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion (GIEC), the Chinese Academy of Sciences since 1996. An application example is given of the investigation and analysis on ocean wave resource of the Nan Ao Island, Guangdong Province , where a 100 kW onshore OWC (oscillating water column) wave power station will be built. The wave power distribution is obtained in different wave directions for different wave periods. It is found that 70 percent of the wave power comes from the direction of ENE, and more than 95 percent of the wave power is related with direction E. The average wave power density is about 3 kW / m, and more than 80 percent of the wave power is distributed in the wave periods of 4 second to 5 second. Based on the analysis of wave resources, a site on the east coast of the island and a design width of 20 m for the 100 kW station are suggested.
An information system for ocean wave resources and its application to wave power utilization are indtroduced. It can manage, analyze and process the data in the monthly report of ocean wave observation records of the State Ocean Administration, and can provide various kinds of curves and numerical characters of statistics. This system has been put into utility in Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion (GIEC), the Chinese Academy of Sciences since 1996. An application example is given of the investigation and analysis on ocean wave resource of the Nan Ao Island, Guangdong Province , where a 100 kW onshore OWC (oscillating water column) wave power station will be built. The wave power distribution is obtained in different wave directions for different wave periods. It is found that 70 percent of the wave power comes from the direction of ENE, and more than 95 percent of the wave power is related with direction E. The average wave power density is about 3 kW / m, and more than 80 percent of the wave power is distributed in the wave periods of 4 second to 5 second. Based on the analysis of wave resources, a site on the east coast of the island and a design width of 20 m for the 100 kW station are suggested.
1997, (3): -.
Abstract:
The basic principle of particle image velocinmetry (PIV) is described. When a PIV image is analyzed by the method of auto-correlation, there is a direction ambiguity of 180?in velocity measurement. The problem can be solved by using 'Image Shifting Technique", but this makes devices much complicated and difficult to control. A new arrangement of 2-CCD (Charge Coupled Device) fully digitized PIV system, which can also solve the problem successfully, is introduced in the paper. As an example of application of the system, an experimental result of flow field around a horizontal cylinder in wave is presented.
The basic principle of particle image velocinmetry (PIV) is described. When a PIV image is analyzed by the method of auto-correlation, there is a direction ambiguity of 180?in velocity measurement. The problem can be solved by using 'Image Shifting Technique", but this makes devices much complicated and difficult to control. A new arrangement of 2-CCD (Charge Coupled Device) fully digitized PIV system, which can also solve the problem successfully, is introduced in the paper. As an example of application of the system, an experimental result of flow field around a horizontal cylinder in wave is presented.
1997, (3): -.
Abstract:
1997, (3): -.
Abstract:
The longitudinal strength of turret mooring productive / storage tanker is studied. A numerical example has been implemented according to the method presented in this paper to give practical illustration. From the results of the numerical example, it is concluded that the turret hole located near the forward of the amidships has small effect on the longitudinal strength of the ship hull. As for design extreme value of wave bending moment of storage tanker, statistic method is a more reasonable methodology, especially with the consideration of the servere environmental conditions. The primary estimation of design section modulus of turret storage tanker can be determined by this design bending moment.
The longitudinal strength of turret mooring productive / storage tanker is studied. A numerical example has been implemented according to the method presented in this paper to give practical illustration. From the results of the numerical example, it is concluded that the turret hole located near the forward of the amidships has small effect on the longitudinal strength of the ship hull. As for design extreme value of wave bending moment of storage tanker, statistic method is a more reasonable methodology, especially with the consideration of the servere environmental conditions. The primary estimation of design section modulus of turret storage tanker can be determined by this design bending moment.
1997, (3): -.
Abstract:
The statistical distribution of wavelength is directly derived from a two- dimensional and spatially homogeneous Gaussian wave field. The present result differs from both the result of Rayleigh distribution and Sun's result (1988b) which is transformed through the period distribution derived from a two-dimensional and stationary Gaussian wave field. A laboratory experiment shows that the present result is more consistent with the observations in the wave tank than the others.
The statistical distribution of wavelength is directly derived from a two- dimensional and spatially homogeneous Gaussian wave field. The present result differs from both the result of Rayleigh distribution and Sun's result (1988b) which is transformed through the period distribution derived from a two-dimensional and stationary Gaussian wave field. A laboratory experiment shows that the present result is more consistent with the observations in the wave tank than the others.
1997, (3): -.
Abstract:
Some researches have been made in this aspect. In the method by Walton Jr.(1992), incident waves are supposed to be the overlapping result of M component waves with different frequencies which may take different directions, the direction of incident waves should be available in advance, but in fact the direction of incident waves is not available. In our study, incident waves are supposed to be composed of M overlapping component waves with different frequencies, and different frequencies have different directions. Based on the irregular wave reflection theory, the calculation formulas of wave direction, complex amplitude of incident waves, and complex amplitude of reflected waves in surface which are composed of component waves are derived by means of discrete Fourier transform. Then, the frequency spectra of incident waves and reflected waves and the reflection coefficient of waves with corresponding frequencies are obtained. Verification of the method and the calculation results from in-situ measured data indicate that the method is reliable and highly accurate.
Some researches have been made in this aspect. In the method by Walton Jr.(1992), incident waves are supposed to be the overlapping result of M component waves with different frequencies which may take different directions, the direction of incident waves should be available in advance, but in fact the direction of incident waves is not available. In our study, incident waves are supposed to be composed of M overlapping component waves with different frequencies, and different frequencies have different directions. Based on the irregular wave reflection theory, the calculation formulas of wave direction, complex amplitude of incident waves, and complex amplitude of reflected waves in surface which are composed of component waves are derived by means of discrete Fourier transform. Then, the frequency spectra of incident waves and reflected waves and the reflection coefficient of waves with corresponding frequencies are obtained. Verification of the method and the calculation results from in-situ measured data indicate that the method is reliable and highly accurate.
1997, (3): -.
Abstract:
Distribution of wave heights and surface elevations of wind-driven waves are studied. Records of surface elevations obtained from both field observations and laboratory measurements are analyzed. Wave heights can be approximated by normal, two- parameter Weibull, and / or Rayleigh distribution. However, while the first two models may have almost equal probabilities to fit measured data quite satisfactorily, the Rayleigh distribution does not appear to be a good model for the majority of the cases studied. Surface elevations from field data are well described by the Gaussian model, but as with increasing wind speeds, water surface in a wind-wave flume deviates from normality, and the Edgeworth's form of the type A Gram-Charlier series is then applied.
Distribution of wave heights and surface elevations of wind-driven waves are studied. Records of surface elevations obtained from both field observations and laboratory measurements are analyzed. Wave heights can be approximated by normal, two- parameter Weibull, and / or Rayleigh distribution. However, while the first two models may have almost equal probabilities to fit measured data quite satisfactorily, the Rayleigh distribution does not appear to be a good model for the majority of the cases studied. Surface elevations from field data are well described by the Gaussian model, but as with increasing wind speeds, water surface in a wind-wave flume deviates from normality, and the Edgeworth's form of the type A Gram-Charlier series is then applied.
1997, (3): -.
Abstract:
An engineering numerical model for three dimensional motion of multichain-buoy mooring system in shallow water and survival condition is given in this paper. Shooting-aim method is employed for solving the dynamic equations of chain system in order to match the computation of buoy motion. The responses of buoy and chain have been computed for different wind-wave-current directions and different rigidity of chain. The results show that the present numerical model is reasonable.
An engineering numerical model for three dimensional motion of multichain-buoy mooring system in shallow water and survival condition is given in this paper. Shooting-aim method is employed for solving the dynamic equations of chain system in order to match the computation of buoy motion. The responses of buoy and chain have been computed for different wind-wave-current directions and different rigidity of chain. The results show that the present numerical model is reasonable.
1997, (3): -.
Abstract:
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