ISSN  0890-5487 CN 32-1441/P

2006 Vol.(3)

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An Analysis on Limit Load for Corroded Submarine Pipelines
2006, (3): -.
[Abstract](890) [PDF 0KB](0)
Abstract:
By means of elastic-plastic finite element analysis, a systematic nonlinear analysis of material and geometry has been carried out for submarine pipelines. A criterion for deriving limit load is studied. Based on this criterion, the limit load for corroded submarine pipelines is calculated. The corrosion length, corrosion depth and corrosion width affect the limit load. A solution to limit load is proposed and proved valid through comparison of the solution with burst test results and ASME B31G solutions.
Comparison of Drags on Fish Cages of Different Shapes
2006, (3): -.
[Abstract](874) [PDF 0KB](0)
Abstract:
The effects of the direction of current on the drag on fish cages are studied in the present paper. The drags on cages of different shapes, including cylindrical, truncated conical, cuboidal and hexagonal, are compared. The drag on the truncated conical net is smaller than that on other shapes of the same area. This net shape with a small apex angle is suggested for the design of fish cages.
Parameterization of Wave Breaking Probability and Whitecap Coverage
2006, (3): -.
[Abstract](1331) [PDF 0KB](1)
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2006, (3): -.
[Abstract](861) [PDF 0KB](0)
Abstract:
A higher order boundary element method (HOBEM) is implemented for wave-current action on structures. The free-term coefficient and Cauchy principal value (CPV) integrals are computed by direct methods. Numerical experiments are carried out to validate the computation of free-term coefficient and CPV integrals. The results show that the computation precision of free-term coefficient is very high for various bodies, even with edges and corners, and the convergence speed is fast for CPV integrals for different meshes. The comparison of the second order mean drift force due to wave-current action on a uniform cylinder is made with an analytic solution. It is found that good agreement exists between the present calculation and the analytic solutions. Finally, the numerical code is applied for computing wave-current action on Snorre TLP.
A Higher Order BEM for Wave-Current Action on Structures——Direct Computation of Free-Term Coefficient and CPV Integrals
2006, (3): -.
[Abstract](911) [PDF 0KB](0)
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Numerical and Physical Investigation on Vortex-Induced Vibrations of Marine Risers
2006, (3): -.
[Abstract](1351) [PDF 0KB](4)
Abstract:
As a project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, a model experiment on the vortex-induced vibration of practical risers transporting fluid in currents was conducted in the Physical Oceanography Laboratory of Ocean University of China in 2005. Because most of the offshore oil fields in China are in shallow water, the experiment was focused on the risers in shallow water. The similarity theory was used in the experiment to derive the experimental model from the practical model. Considering the internal flowing fluid and external marine environment, the dynamic response of the marine riser was measured. Corresponding numerical simulation was performed with the finite element method. Comparisons were made between the results from the experiment and numerical simulation.
Underwater Acoustic Communication Based on Pattern Time Delay Shift Coding Scheme
2006, (3): -.
[Abstract](852) [PDF 0KB](3)
Abstract:
Underwater acoustic communication based on Pattern Time Delay Shift Coding (PDS) communication scheme is studied. The time delay shift values of the pattern are used to encode the digital information in the PDS scheme, which belongs to the Pulse Position Modulation (PPM). The duty cycle of the PDS scheme is small, so it can economize the power for communication. By use of different patterns for code division and different frequencies for channel division, the communication system is capable of mitigating the inter-symbol interference (ISI) caused by the multipath channel. The data rate of communication is 1000 bits/s at 8 kHz bandwidth. The receiver separates the channels by means of band-pass filters, and performs decoding by 4 copy-correlators to estimate the time delay shift value. Based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulations, the PDS scheme is shown to be a robust and effective approach for underwater acoustic communication.
2006, (3): -.
[Abstract](853) [PDF 0KB](90)
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Analysis of Collision Protection for Ocean and Offshore Structures
2006, (3): -.
[Abstract](848) [PDF 0KB](0)
Abstract:
An elasto-plastic impact model based on the p-version finite element method is presented for the collision protection of ocean and offshore structures. The impact force and responses of the impactor-absorber-structure system can be predicted efficiently and automatically. A cost-effective Cellular Reinforced Concrete Absorber (CRCA) is designed to smooth the impact force and absorb the impact energy. Quasi-static tests show that the concrete absorber has an excellent energy absorbing characteristic. The impact experiment of a scaled offshore oil-piping frame with the proposed concrete absorber is carried out. The simulation results of the elasto-plastic model and the p-version finite element method are in good agreement with the experimental ones. Owing to the plastic deformation of the absorber, the impact force during the impact and responses of the structure are considerably reduced. Further, the proposed impact model and the concrete absorber are applied to the design of collision protection of the sheet-pile groin on the Qiantang River used to weaken the famous Qiantang bore.
Turbulent Evolution and Energetics of Lock-Release Gravity Currents
2006, (3): -.
[Abstract](847) [PDF 0KB](0)
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A Simple Method for Predicting Drag Characteristics of the Wells Turbine
2006, (3): -.
[Abstract](874) [PDF 0KB](0)
Abstract:
The drag characteristics of the Wells turbine are difficult to be accurately predicted because of the influences of many variables. Detailed analyses about the effects of these variables on the drag characteristics educe that the most sensitive parameters to the drag characteristics are the turbine solidity of the turbine and incidence angle of airflow. In this paper, an experimental research is conducted on the pressure drop across the flat-plate rotor which is used to simulate the Wells turbine. After nondimensionalization and fitting of the experimental data, a common experiential formula is obtained. Compared with the experimental data from literature, the computational results are satisfactory. Thus, this report provides a simple and convenient method for predicting the drag characteristics of the Wells turbine and optimizing the match design between an oscillating water column and a chamber.
2006, (3): -.
[Abstract](863) [PDF 0KB](87)
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Experiment Verification of Damage Detection for Offshore Platforms by Neural Networks
2006, (3): -.
[Abstract](842) [PDF 0KB](0)
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In the present work, damage detection for offshore platforms is divided into three steps. Firstly, the located direction of the damaged member is determined by the probabilistic neural network with input of the change rate of normalized modal frequency. Secondly, the profile and layer of the damaged member is also determined by the probabilistic neural network with input of the normalized damage-signal index. Finally, the damage extent is determined by the back propagation neural networks with input of the squared change rate of modal frequency. So the size of the network and the training time can be reduced greatly. All these networks are trained with simulated data obtained from the finite element model of an experiment model. Then these trained neural networks are examined with data obtained from impulse tests on the experiment model. The experiment results show that the trained neural networks are able to detect the damaged member with reasonable accuracy.
Numerical Simulation of Dynamic Response of Supple Nets
2006, (3): -.
[Abstract](896) [PDF 0KB](1)
Abstract:
A simulation method based on the lumped mass model is proposed for determining the dynamic behavior of nets exposed to a uniform current. Every mesh bar is modeled by a linear bar element. The lumped mass point is set at the ends of each element. The net can be simulated by a discretized model consisting of many point masses and elements without mass. 3D shapes and the distribution of tensions of the net at different moments can be found from time integration of a set of motion equations with a computer program. Two nets are simulated according to reference experiments. Calculated results are in accordance with experimental results. The method is applicable and can be applied to improving design of, and research into other flexible structures, such as net cages.
In-Situ Test and Numerical Analysis of Bore Pressure on Sheet-Pile Groin
2006, (3): -.
[Abstract](860) [PDF 0KB](1)
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Three-Dimensional Numerical Model for Tsunami Propagation Passing Through An Obstacle
2006, (3): -.
[Abstract](839) [PDF 0KB](1)
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A three-dimensional numerical tsunami model is developed to analyze the nonlinear behavior of flow around obstacles with the Marker and Cell (MAC) method based on the Navier-Stokes equations. Through a comparison with experimental data for the cases of dam break and solitary wave propagation, verification of the three-dimensional numerical model is given. Numerical experiment is performed for the analysis of the nonlinear behavior of flow around obstacles and compared with experimental data. The velocity and pressure around obstacles are presented with sufficient accuracy for tsunami propagation passing through an obstacle.
Dynamic Analysis of A Pontoon-Separated Floating Bridge ubjected to A Moving Load
2006, (3): -.
[Abstract](864) [PDF 0KB](0)
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Dynamic Analysis of A Pontoon-Separated Floating Bridge Subjected to A Moving Load
2006, (3): -.
[Abstract](873) [PDF 0KB](0)
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For the design and operation of a floating bridge, the understanding of its dynamic behavior under a moving load is of great importance. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the dynamic performances of a new type floating bridge, the pontoon-separated floating bridge, under the effect of a moving load. In the paper, a brief summary of the dynamic analysis of the floating bridge is first introduced. The motion equations for a pontoon-separated floating bridge, considering the nonlinear properties of connectors and vehicles' inertia effects, are proposed. The super-element method is applied to reduce the numerical analysis scale to solve the reduced equations. Based on the static analysis, the dynamic features of the new type floating bridge subjected to a moving load are investigated. It is found that the dynamic behavior of the pontoon-separated floating bridge is superior to that of the ribbon bridge by taking the nonlinearity of connectors into account.
A Numerical Study on Wave-Mud Interaction
2006, (3): -.
[Abstract](865) [PDF 0KB](0)
Abstract:
Presented in this paper is a numerical study on the interaction of progressive waves propagating in a body of water overlying a layer of viscous fluid mud on the bottom, with emphasis placed on the induced oscillatory motion of the water-mud interface. The fully nonlinear Navier-Stokes equations with the complete set of viscous boundary conditions are solved numerically by a finite difference method that is based on a time-dependent boundary-fitted curvilinear coordinate system, for the simulation of wave motion in the two-layer viscous fluid system. Waves of moderate wavelength are generated in the upper water layer by a numerical flap-type wavemaker. The dynamic pressure due to the surface wave is transmitted downward onto the lower layer, generating wave motion on the interface. On mimicking some reported experimental conditions, the ratio of interfacial to surface wave amplitudes is evaluated and the results are found to compare more favorably with the experimental data than the prediction by a linear theory.

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